Water Filtration Technology Explained
Every water filter is built around one or more of eight core technologies — activated carbon, reverse osmosis, UV, ion exchange, ultrafiltration, ceramic, distillation, or KDF media. Each one removes different contaminants and misses others. The technology that's right for you depends entirely on what's in your water, not on price or marketing claims. These guides explain the science behind each approach and which contaminants each technology is and isn't certified to remove.
Reverse Osmosis
Removes: PFAS, lead, fluoride, nitrates, arsenic, TDS
Activated Carbon
Removes: Chlorine, taste, odor, VOCs, some pesticides
UV Purification
Removes: Bacteria, viruses, protozoa
Ion Exchange
Removes: Hardness (Ca/Mg), nitrates, some heavy metals
Distillation
Removes: Most dissolved solids, bacteria, heavy metals, fluoride
Ceramic Filtration
Removes: Bacteria, protozoa, sediment
KDF Filtration
Removes: Chlorine, heavy metals, H2S, bacteria inhibition
Ultrafiltration
Removes: Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, colloids
Water Softeners
Removes: Calcium and magnesium (hardness)
